![]() Can an N95 Mask Be Used to Protect from Radiation? Effects depend on the radionuclide, method of exposure, age at exposure, dose rate, and total exposure dose. What Do Studies Reveal about Dogs and Radiation?įrequent effects of radiation exposure in dogs include hematological changes, infertility, and cancer of the bone, liver, lung, and blood, among others. As a result, 47% of exposed dogs suffered primary bone tumors. Long-term retention of inhaled 90 Sr was highest in the skeleton of exposed dogs leading to protracted exposure. 144 Ce similarly translocated to the liver and skeleton of exposed dogs, where the subsequent occurrence of liver and bone tumors were noted. The leading cause of death reported in two separate studies of dogs exposed to single inhalations of 238 Pu aerosols were bone tumors, followed by lung and liver tumors, all of which appeared approximately 3 years post-exposure. Delayed tumor formation occurs even without constant radionuclide exposure. By comparison, 239 Pu clears from the lungs of exposed individuals with an average estimated half-time of 1192 days, and more than 10 years after exposure 65% of the overall final body burden was found in the thoracic lymph nodes. ![]() Translocation of radionuclides after initial exposure likely causes not only immediate but delayed effects as well, with chronic exposure producing a constant high dose to organs and tissues well after initial exposure.įor instance, a year after exposure to 238 Pu, retention in the liver and skeleton of dogs remains persistent and is still present over 1000 days after exposure. Radiation pneumonitis, an inflammation of the lung caused by radiation exposure, was the predominant non-neoplastic disease observed.Īfter brief retention in the lungs, some radionuclides tend to translocate throughout the dog's body, causing varying effects related to deposition and protracted exposure. In 27 studies dogs were exposed to 239Pu, 238Pu, 144Ce, 90Sr, 90Y, 91Y, 241Am, Rn or U by inhaled aerosols containing radionuclides. Lung tumors and respiratory damage were common deleterious results and were unique to this method of exposure. Researchers suggest that this could be related to increased mucus production or clearance as a result of cigarette smoking, causing a smaller radiation dose to bronchial and bronchiolar proliferating epithelial cells. Curiously, eight out of 19 dogs exposed to radon, radon daughters, and uranium ore dust daily developed respiratory tract tumors while only two out of 19 dogs exposed to radon, radon daughters, uranium ore dust, and cigarette smoke daily developed respiratory tract tumors. In dogs exposed to radon, radon daughters, uranium ore dust, and/or cigarette smoke daily, pulmonary tumors were found after 50 months of exposure. Several studies investigated the effects of radon inhalation exposure on dogs, reporting respiratory distress and respiratory tract tumors after exposure.
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